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Morphine

C₁₇H₁₉NO₃ · 40 atoms

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Morphine

Elements

About

Morphine is a morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy). It has a role as a geroprotector, an opioid analgesic, a vasodilator agent, a xenobiotic, an anaesthetic, a mu-opioid receptor agonist, a plant metabolite, an environmental contaminant and a drug allergen. It is a morphinane alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a morphine(1+). It derives from a hydride of a morphinan.

Properties

IUPAC name(4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-methyl-2,4,4a,7,7a,13-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol

CAS number57-27-2

Molar mass285.34 g/mol

Melting point255 °C

Boiling point190 °C

GHS hazards

IrritantHealth hazard

Sources

Properties: PubChem CID 5288826
3D structure: PubChem CID 5288826 (3D conformer)
CAS number: PubChem CID 5288826
Description: PubChem ← ChEBI
Melting point: PubChem ← DrugBank
Boiling point: PubChem ← Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Hazards: PubChem ← European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)

Data from PubChem (NIH/NLM). Some annotations originate with the upstream sources shown.